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Tundra is a biome in Civilization VII.
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Civilopedia entry[]
“Tundra” refers to the terrain extending from polar regions toward the equator (at times, downward from the peaks of tall mountains). In these places, the ground is often permanently frozen, and the landscape remains too cold for trees. Atop a bare strip of thawed soil sit plains of moss or heath, where migrating caribou or reindeer graze on lichen (and are pursued by wolves). This would seem to be a lifeless place, but a great quantity of life abounds – under the soil. Trapped in permafrost are vast stores of plant material, storing carbon that threatens to be released once the tundra warms. People who make their home in the tundra include the Sami of Scandinavia, Finland, and Russia, the Nenets of Siberia, and the Inuit and Yupik people of Alaska and Canada. These peoples have had to adapt to the harsh climate by herding reindeer (in Europe and Siberia) or by hunting sea mammals (in North America). Tundra also exists on the Antarctic Peninsula, though most of the continent is simply too cold for life.
Taiga
The largest biome on Earth, the boreal forest (or taiga to use the Russian word), extends across the subpolar region, from Hokkaido to Canada, Finland, and all through Russia. This expanse of conifer forests is thick and tall in the south and low and hardy at the northern extreme. Despite the forest cover, taiga is a harsh environment. Not only are the temperatures a challenge, but the limited amount of nutrition hampers the fauna that make it their home. These fauna include moose, wolves, bears, and a few varieties of rodents – all mammals with thick coats and often massive bodies, where size comes with attendant warmth. The taiga’s slow processes and extensive peatland mean that it stores more carbon than temperate forests, but the taiga is changing along with the climate, as forests creep northward.
Bog
Water seems a bit unusual when ice is the predominant feature most of the year. During the few months of summer, the tundra radically alters; lakes, streams, and bogs emerge from under the frozen land. In the cold, treeless tundra, these lakes provide shelter for migratory birds. In the warmer, vegetated taiga, peat traps rainwater and creates bogs – especially in regions such as western Siberia or the lower Yukon. Here, the black, acidic water and relative lack of nutrients foster a unique ecosystem, one with carnivorous plants and thick mats of sphagnum, often visited by large grazers, such as moose. In some parts of Europe, an odd feature of these bogs is the preservative quality of the water – bodies dumped into the bog during the Iron Age are sometimes found amazingly intact, though dyed black from long exposure to the tannin-rich water.
Gallery[]
.png "Tundra in-game (Civ7).png (2.07 MB)")
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