User:Ryan sinbela

The concept below is obsolete and I am working on a new one

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EFYEcsnWeFfMZ51YKDUTokz5mT0tu6sqhZ9j8929u_w/edit

Civilization Universe Idea

This is a list of civilizations for this idea I’m working on

Civilization	Nation/Group	Leader	Category	Culture Group
Afghan	Afghanistan	Ahmad Abdali	Central Asia	Islamic
Ainu	Ainu	Shakushain	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Akkadian	Akkad	Sargon	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Aksumite	Aksum	Kaleb	South/East Africa	Semitic
Al Andalusian	Al Andalus	Abd ar-Rahman III	Western Europe	Islamic
Albanian	Albania	Skanderbeg	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Algerian	Algeria	Abdelkader	North/West Africa	Islamic
American	America	Thomas Jefferson	North America	Colonial
American	America	Abraham Lincoln	North America	Colonial
Angolan	Angola	Agostinho Neto	South/East Africa	Bantu
Anishinaabe	Anishinaabe	Pontiac	North America	Woodlands
Apache	Apache	Geronimo	North America	Great Plains
Arabian	Arabia	Umar	Middle East	Islamic
Arapaho	Arapaho	Little Raven	North America	Great Plains
Argentine	Argentina	Eva Peron	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Armenian	Armenia	Tigranes II	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Ashanti	Ashanti	Osei Tutu	North/West Africa	West African
Assyrian	Assyria	Ashurbanipal	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Assyrian	Assyrian	Sammuramat	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Australian	Australia	John Curtin	American and Pacific Islands	Colonial
Austrian	Austria	Franz Joseph	Western Europe	Central
Aymara	Aymara	Tupac Katari	Continental Latin America	Andean
Azerbaijani	Azerbaijan	Rasulzade	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Aztec	Aztec	Montezuma	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Babylonian	Babylon	Hammurabi	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Bactrian	Bactria	Eucratides I	Central Asia	Classical
Bangladeshi	Bangladesh	Sheikh Mujibur Rahman	Central Asia	Islamic
Belgian	Belgium	Albert I	Western Europe	Western
Beninese	Benin	Ewuare	North/West Africa	West African
Beothuk	Beothuk	Nonosbawsut	North America	Polar
Berber	Berber	Dihya	North/West Africa	Mesopotamic
Bhutanese	Bhutan	Jigme Palden Dorji	Eastern Asia	Himalayan
Blackfoot	Blackfoot	Crowfoot	North America	Great Plains
Boer	Boer	Paul Kruger	South/East Africa	Colonial
Bolivian	Bolivia	Manuel Isidoro Belzu	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Bosnian	Bosnia	Tvrtko I	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Botswanan	Botswana	Khama III	South/East Africa	Bantu
Brazilian	Brazil	Pedro II	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Bruneian	Brunei	Bolkiah	Eastern Asia	East Indies
Bugandan	Buganda	Muteesa I	South/East Africa	Bantu
Bulgarian	Bulgaria	Simeon I	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Burmese	Burma	Bayinnaung	Eastern Asia	Mandala
Burundian	Burundi	Cambarantama	South/East Africa	Bantu
Buryat	Buryat	Gesar	Eastern Asia	Himalayan
Byzantine	Byzantium	Theodora	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Calusa	Calusa	Caalus	North America	Woodlands
Canadian	Canada	John A Macdonald	North America	Colonial
Carib	Carib	Kairouane	American and Pacific Islands	Katuje
Carthaginian	Carthage	Hannibal	North/West Africa	Classical
Carthaginian	Carthage	Dido	North/West Africa	Classical
Celtic	Celts	Boudicca	Western Europe	Northern
Celtic	Celts	Vercingetorix	Western Europe	Northern
Cham	Champa	Che Bong Nga	Eastern Asia	Mandala
Cherokee	Cherokee	John Ross	North America	Great Plains
Cheyenne	Cheyenne	Little Wolf	North America	Great Plains
Chilean	Chile	Bernardo O'Higgins	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Chimuan	Chimu	Tacaynamo	Continental Latin America	Andean
Chinese	China	Sun Yat-Sen	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Chinese	China	Wu Zetian	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Chinookan	Chinook	Comcoly	North America	Pacific
Choctaw	Choctaw	Pushmataha	North America	Great Plains
Chola	Chola	Rajendra Chola	Central Asia	Bharata
Chukchi	Chukchi	Eyhell	Eastern Asia	Polar
Chumash	Chumash	Rafael Solares	North America	Pacific
Colombian	Colombia	Simon Bolivar	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Comanche	Comanche	Iron Jacket	North America	Great Plains
Costa Rican	Costa Rica	Juan Rafael Mora	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Cree	Cree	Poundmaker	North America	Great Plains
Creek	Creek	Red Eagle	North America	Woodlands
Croatian	Croatia	Tomislav I	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Crow	Crow	Plenty Coups	North America	Great Plains
Crusader	Latin States	Baldwin IV	Middle East	Southern
Cuban	Cuba	Jose Marti	American and Pacific Islands	Colonial
Cypriot	Cyprus	Peter I	Middle East	Southern
Czech	Czechia	Vaclav II	Eastern Europe	Central
Dahomean	Dahomey	Agaja	North/West Africa	West African
Danish	Denmark	Margaret I	Western Europe	Northern
Dene	Dene	Thanadelthur	North America	Polar
Dutch	Netherlands	Wilhelmina	Western Europe	Western
Dutch	Netherlands	Willem Van Oranje	Western Europe	Western
Egyptian	Egypt	Hatshepsut	North/West Africa	Mesopotamic
Egyptian	Egypt	Cleopatra	North/West Africa	Mesopotamic
Elamite	Elam	Shutruk-Nakhunte	Middle East	Iranian
Emirati	United Arab Emirates	Sheikh Zayed	Middle East	Islamic
English	England	Victoria	Western Europe	Western
English	England	Elizabeth	Western Europe	Western
Eora	Eora	Pemulwuy	American and Pacific Islands	Aboriginal
Ethiopian	Ethiopia	Menelik II	South/East Africa	Semitic
Etruscan	Etruria	Tyrrhenus	Western Europe	Classical
Evenk	Evenk	Bombogor	Eastern Asia	Polar
Faroese	Faroe Islands	Trondur i Gotu	Western Europe	Northern
Fijian	Fiji	Cakobau	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Filipino	Philippines	Jose Rizal	Eastern Asia	Colonial
Filipino	Philippines	Lapu-Lapu	Eastern Asia	Colonial
Finnish	Finland	Carl Mannerheim	Western Europe	Northern
Frankish	Francia	Charlemagne	Western Europe	Central
French	France	Joan of Arc	Western Europe	Western
Georgian	Georgia	Tamar	Eastern Europe	Eastern
German	Germany	Otto von Bismarck	Western Europe	Central
Ghanese	Ghana	Kwame Nkrumah	North/West Africa	West African
Gokturk	Gokturk	Bumin Qaghan	Central Asia	Steppe
Gothic	Goths	Alaric	Western Europe	Northern
Greek	Greece	Pericles	Eastern Europe	Classical
Greek	Greece	Leonidas	Eastern Europe	Classical
Guarani	Guarani	Sepe Tiaraju	Continental Latin America	Katuje
Haida	Haida	Koyah	North America	Pacific
Haitian	Haiti	Touissant Louverture	American and Pacific Islands	Colonial
Hausa	Hausa	Amina	North/West Africa	West African
Hawaiian	Hawaii	Kamehameha	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Hawaiian	Hawaii	Liliuokalani	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Hebrew	Israel	Solomon	Middle East	Semitic
Hebrew	Israel	David Ben-Gurion	Middle East	Semitic
Hittite	Hittites	Suppiluliumas	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Honduran	Honduras	Marco Aurelio Soto	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Hungarian	Hungary	Matthias Corvinus	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Hungarian	Hungary	Arpad	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Hunnic	Huns	Atilla	Eastern Europe	Steppe
Huron	Huron	Kondiaronk	North America	Woodlands
Icelandic	Iceland	Ingolfur Arnarson	Western Europe	Northern
Igbo	Igbo	Eri	North/West Africa	West-African
Illyrian	Illyria	Teuta	Eastern Europe	Classical
Incan	Inca	Pachacuti	Continental Latin America	Andean
Incan	Incan	Huayna Capac	Continental Latin America	Andean
Indian	India	Gandhi	Central Asia	Bharata
Indian	India	Akbar	Central Asia	Bharata
Indonesian	Indonesia	Gajah Mada	Eastern Asia	East Indies
Inuit	Inuit	Ekeuhnick	North America	Polar
Iranian	Iran	Mohammad Reza Pahlavi	Middle East	Islamic
Irish	Ireland	Brian Boru	Western Europe	Northern
Iroquois	Iroquois	Hiawatha	North America	Woodlands
Italian	Italy	Lorenzo de Medici	Western Europe	Southern
Italian	Italy	Giuseppe Garibaldi	Western Europe	Southern
Jamaican	Jamaica	Marcus Garvey	American and Pacific Islands	Colonial
Japanese	Japan	Meiji	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Japanese	Japan	Tokugawa Ieyasu	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Kanem-Bornu	Kanem-Bornu	Idris Alooma	North/West Africa	West African
Kasanje	Kasanje	Kasanje Kalunga	South/East Africa	Bantu
Kassi	Kassite	Burnaburiash	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Kazakh	Kazakhstan	Ablai Khan	Central Asia	Steppe
Kenyan	Kenya	Jomo Kenyatta	South/East Africa	Bantu
Khazar	Khazaria	Bulan	Central Asia	Steppe
Khmer	Khmer	Jayavarman VII	Eastern Asia	Mandala
Khoisan	Khoisan	Hendrik Witbooi	South/East Africa	Bantu
Kimberly	Kimberly	Jandamarra	American and Pacific Islands	Aboriginal
Kongolese	Kongo	Ana Nzinga	South/East Africa	Bantu
Korean	Korea	Seondeok	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Korean	Korea	Jeongjo	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Koryak	Koryak	Lawtylywalyn	Eastern Asia	Polar
Kulin	Kulin	William Barak	American and Pacific Islands	Aboriginal
Kurdish	Kurdistan	Mahmud Barzanji	Middle East	Islamic
Kushan	Kushan	Kanishka	Central Asia	Classical
Laotian	Laos	Setthathirath	Eastern Asia	Mandala
Latvian	Latvia	Janis Cakste	Eastern Europe	Northern
Lebanese	Lebanon	Fakhr-al-din II	Middle East	Islamic
Lithuanian	Lithuania	Vytautas	Eastern Europe	Central
Lozi	Lozi	Mwanasolundwi	South/East Africa	Bantu
Luba	Luba	Ilunga Sungu	South/East Africa	Bantu
Lunda	Lunda	Mwaant Yaav	South/East Africa	Bantu
Luxembourgish	Luxembourg	Ermesinde	Western Europe	Western
Maasai	Maasai	Mbatian	South/East Africa	Bantu
Macedonian	Macedon	Alexander	Eastern Europe	Classical
Malagasy	Madagascar	Andrianampoinimerina	South/East Africa	Bantu
Malaysian	Malaysia	Parameswara	Eastern Asia	East Indies
Maldivian	Maldives	Khadijah	Central Asia	Bharata
Malian	Mali	Mansa Musa	North/West Africa	Saharan
Maltese	Malta	Jean Parisot de la Vallete	Western Europe	Southern
Manchu	Manchuria	Nurhaci	Eastern Asia	Steppe
Mandan	Mandan	Mato-Tope	North America	Great Plains
Manx	Isle of Man	Illiam Dhone	Western Europe	Northern
Maori	Maori	Hono Heke	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Mapuche	Mapuche	Lautaro	Continental Latin America	Andean
Mayan	Maya	Lady Six Sky	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Mayan	Maya	Pacal	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Metis	Metis	Louis Riel	North America	Great Plains
Mexican	Mexico	Benito Juarez	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Miami-Illinois	Miami-Illinois	Little Turtle	North America	Woodlands
Micronesian	Micronesia	Isokelekel	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Mississippian	Mississippians	Tuskaloosa	North America	Great Plains
Mitannian	Mitanni	Parshatatar	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Mixtec	Mixtec	Eight Deer	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Mongolian	Mongolia	Genghis Khan	Central Asia	Steppe
Moroccan	Morocco	Ismail Ibn Sharif	North/West Africa	Islamic
Mossi	Mossi	Yennenga	North/West Africa	West African
Muisca	Muisca	Nemequene	Continental Latin America	Andean
Murri	Murri	Gambu Ganuurru	American and Pacific Islands	Aboriginal
Nabataean	Nabataea	Aretas III	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Navajo	Navajo	Narbona	North America	Great Plains
Nenet	Nenet	Vavlyo Neniang	Eastern Asia	Polar
Nepali	Nepal	Prithvi Narayan	Central Asia	Himalayan
New Zealander	New Zealand	Michael Joseph Savage	American and Pacific Islands	Colonial
Nez Perce	Nez Perce	Joseph	North America	Pacific
Nicaraguan	Nicaragua	Augusto Sandino	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Nigerian	Nigeria	Awolowo	North/West Africa	West African
Noongar	Noongar	Yagan	American and Pacific Islands	Aboriginal
Norwegian	Norway	Haakon IV	Western Europe	Northern
Nubian	Nubia	Piye	North/West Africa	Mesopotamic
Numidian	Numidia	Massinissa	North/West Africa	Mesopotamic
Nuuchanulth	Nuuchanulth	Maquinna	North America	Pacific
Olmec	Olmec	Po Ngbe	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Omani	Oman	Saif Bin Sultan	Middle East	Islamic
Paiute	Paiute	Wovoka	North America	Great Plains
Pakistani	Pakistan	Muhammad Ali Jinnah	Central Asia	Islamic
Pakistani	Pakistan	Benazir Bhutto	Central Asia	Islamic
Palmyrene	Palmyra	Zenobia	Middle East	Semitic
Panamanian	Panama	Manuel Amador Guerrero	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Papal	Papal States	Innocent III	Western Europe	Southern
Paraguayan	Paraguay	Francisco Solano Lopez	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Parthian	Parthia	Mithridates	Middle East	Iranian
Pawnee	Pawnee	Petelesharo	North America	Great Plains
Pecheneg	Pecheneg	Kurya	Central Asia	Steppe
Persian	Persia	Xerxes	Middle East	Iranian
Peruvian	Peru	Ramon Castilla	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Phoenician	Phoenicia	Hiram	Middle East	Semitic
Polish	Poland	Jadwiga	Eastern Europe	Central
Portuguese	Portugal	Joao II	Western Europe	Western
Powhatan	Powhatan	Powhatan	North America	Woodlands
Prussian	Prussia	Frederick I	Eastern Europe	Central
Puebloan	Pueblo	Po'pay	North America	Great Plains
Rapa Nui	Rapa Nui	Hotu Matua	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Romanian	Romania	Vlad III	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Roman	Rome	Hadrian	Western Europe	Classical
Russian	Russia	Catherine	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Russian	Russia	Peter the Great	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Rwandan	Rwanda	Rwabugiri	South/East Africa	Bantu
Ryukyuan	Ryukyu	Sho Hashi	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Salish	Salish	Seattle	North America	Pacific
Sami	Sami	Svåse	Western Europe	Polar
Samoan	Samoa	Salamasina	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Sauk	Sauk	Black Hawk	North America	Woodlands
Scottish	Scotland	Robert the Bruce	Western Europe	Northern
Scythian	Scythia	Tomyris	Central Asia	Steppe
Seleucid	Seleucia	Seleucus I Nicator	Middle East	Classical
Seminole	Seminole	Osceola	North America	Woodlands
Serbian	Serbia	Stefan Dusan	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Shawnee	Shawnee	Tecumseh	North America	Woodlands
Shoshone	Shoshone	Sacagawea	North America	Great Plains
Sibir	Sibir	Kuchum Khan	Eastern Asia	Polar
Sioux	Sioux	Sitting Bull	North America	Great Plains
Singaporean	Singapore	Lee Kuan Yew	Eastern Asia	East Indies
Sogdian	Sogdiana	Gurak	Central Asia	Iranian
Somali	Somalia	Mohammed Hassan	South/East Africa	Islamic
Songhai	Songhai	Askia	North/West Africa	Saharan
South African	South Africa	Nelson Mandela	South/East Africa	Bantu
Spanish	Spain	Isabella	Western Europe	Western
Spanish	Spain	Philip II	Western Europe	Western
Sri Lankan	Sri Lanka	Parakramabahu	Central Asia	Bharata
Sumerian	Sumeria	Gilgamesh	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Swahili	Swahili	Barghash	South/East Africa	Bantu
Swedish	Sweden	Gustavus Adolphus	Western Europe	Western
Swiss	Switzerland	Guillerme Henri Dufour	Western Europe	Central
Tahitian	Tahiti	Purea	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Taino	Taino	Anacaona	American and Pacific Islands	Katuje
Taiwanese	Taiwan	Koxinga	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Tangut	Tangut	Weiming Yuanhao	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Tanzanian	Tanzania	Julius Nyerere	South/East Africa	Bantu
Tarascan	Tarascan	Tariacuri	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Tatar	Tatar	Togay Bey	Central Asia	Steppe
Thai	Thailand	Taksin	Eastern Asia	Mandala
Thracian	Thrace	Sitalces	Eastern Europe	Classical
Tibetan	Tibet	Songtsen Gampo	Central Asia	Himalayan
Timurid	Timurid	Timur	Central Asia	Steppe
Tiwanakuan	Tiwanaku	Huyustus	Continental Latin America	Andean
Tlingit	Tlingit	Sheiyksh I	North America	Pacific
Toltec	Toltec	Xochitl	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Tongan	Tonga	Aho'eitu	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Trinidadian	Trinidad and Tobago	Eric Williams	American and Pacific Islands	Colonial
Tuareg	Tuareg	Tin Hinan	North/West Africa	Mesopotamic
Tupi	Tupi	Cunhambebe	Continental Latin America	Katuje
Turkish	Turkey	Mehmed II	Middle East	Islamic
Turkish	Turkey	Suleiman	Middle East	Islamic
Ukrainian	Ukraine	Yaroslav	Eastern Europe	Eastern
Urartian	Urartu	Argishti	Middle East	Mesopotamic
Uruguayan	Uruguay	Jose Batlle y Ordonez	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Uyghur	Uyghur	Bayanchur Khan	Central Asia	Steppe
Uzbek	Uzbekistan	Shaybani Khan	Central Asia	Steppe
Vandal	Vandals	Genseric	Western Europe	Northern
Vanuatuan	Vanuatu	Roy Mata	American and Pacific Islands	Oceanic
Venezuelan	Venezuela	Francisco de Miranda	Continental Latin America	Colonial
Vietnamese	Vietnam	Le Loi	Eastern Asia	Oriental
Wabanaki	Wabanaki	Henri Membertou	North America	Woodlands
Wampanoag	Wampanoag	Massasoit	North America	Woodlands
Welsh	Wales	Owain Glyndwyr	Western Europe	Northern
Wiradjuri	Wiradjuri	Windradyne	American and Pacific Islands	Aboriginal
Wolof	Wolof	Ndiadiane Ndiaye	North/West Africa	West African
Xiongnu	Xiongnu	Modu Chanyu	Eastern Asia	Steppe
Yakut	Yakutia	Tygyn Darkhan	Eastern Asia	Steppe
Yemeni	Yemen	Arwa al-Sulayhi	Middle East	Islamic
Yolngu	Yolngu	Wonggu	American and Pacific Islands	Aboriginal
Yoruba	Yoruba	Oranyan	North/West Africa	West African
Zapotec	Zapotec	Cosijoeza	Continental Latin America	Mesoamerican
Zimbabwean	Zimbabwe	Nyatsimba Mutota	South/East Africa	Bantu
Zulu	Zulu	Shaka	South/East Africa	Bantu

Languages

Afrikaans

• Paul Kruger

Ainu

• Shakushain

Akkadian

• Hammurabi
• Sargon

Albanian

• Skanderbeg

Apache

• Geronimo

Arabic

• Abd ar-Rahman III
• Abdelkader
• Arwa al-Sulayhi
• Fakhr-al-Din II
• Ismail Ibn Sharif
• Saif bin Sultan
• Sheikh Zayed
• Umar

Arapaho

• Little Raven

Armenian

• Tigranes II

Assyrian

• Ashurbanipal
• Sammuramat

Athabaskan

• Thanadelthur

Aymara

• Tupac Katari

Azerbaijani

• Rasulzade

Bactrian

• Eucratides I
• Kanishka

Bengali

• Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

Beothuk

• Nonosbawsut

Berber

• Dihya

Bislama

• Roy Mata

Blackfoot

• Crowfoot

Bosnian

• Tvrtko I

Bulgarian

• Simeon I

Bunuba

• Jandamarra

Burmese

• Bayinnaung

Calusa

• Caalus

Carib

• Kairouane

Cham

• Che Bong Nga

Cherokee

• John Ross

Cheyenne

• Little Wolf

Chibcha

• Nemequene

Chinook Jargon

• Comcoly

Choctaw

• Pushmataha

Chukchi

• Eyhell

Chumash

• Rafael Solares

Chuvash

• Atilla

Comanche

• Iron Jacket

Cree

• Poundmaker

Croatian

• Tomislav I

Crow

• Plenty Coups

Czech

• Vaclav II

Danish

• Margaret I

Dharug

• Pemulwuy

Divehi

• Khadijah

Dutch

• Albert I
• Wilhelmina

Dzongkha

• Jigme Palden Dorji

Edo

• Ewuare

Egyptian

• Hatshepsut

Elamite

• Shutruk-Nakhunte

English

• Eric Williams
• John A Macdonald
• John Curtin
• Khama III
• Kwame Nkrumah
• Marcus Garvey
• Michael Joseph Savage

• Thomas Jefferson
• Victoria

Etruscan

• Tyrrhenus

Evenki

• Bombogor

Fijian

• Cakobau

Filipino

• Jose Rizal

Finnish

• Carl Mannerheim

Fon

• Agaja

Frankish

• Charlemagne

French

• Guillaume Henri Dufour
• Joan of Arc

• Peter I

Gamilaroi

• Gambu Ganuurru

Gaulish

• Vercingetorix

Ge'ez

• Kaleb
• Menelik II

Georgian

• Tamar

German

• Franz Joseph
• Otto von Bismarck

Gothic

• Alaric

Greek

• Alexander
• Leonidas
• Pericles
• Seleucius I Nicator
• Teuta

• Theodora

Guarani

• Sepe Tiaraju

Haida

• Koyah

Haitian Creole

• Toussaint Louverture

Hakka Chinese

• Koxinga

Hausa

• Amina

Hawaiian

• Kamehameha
• Liliuokalani

Hebrew

• David Ben-Gurion
• Solomon

Hindi

• Gandhi

Hittite

• Suppiluliumas

Hungarian

• Arpad
• Matthias Corvinus

Hurrian

• Parshatatar

Icelandic

• Ingolfur Arnarson

Igbo

• Eri

Inuktitut

• Ekeuhnick

Irish

• Brian Boru

Italian

• Lorenzo de Medici

Japanese

• Meiji
• Tokugawa Ieyasu

Javanese

• Gajah Mada

Kassite

• Burnaburiash

Kazakh

• Ablai Khan

Khazar

• Busan

Khmer

• Jayavarman VII

Khoikhoe

• Hendrik Witbooi

Kinyarwanda

• Rwabugiri

Kirundi

• Cambarantama

Korean

• Jeongjo
• Seondeok

Koryak

• Lawtylywalyn

Kosraean

• Isokelekel

Kurdish

• Mahmud Barzanji

Laotian

• Setthathirath

Latin

• Baldwin IV
• Hadrian
• Innocent III

Latvian

• Janis Cakste

Lingala

• Ana Nzinga

Lithuanian

• Vytautas

Lozi

• Mwanasolundwi

Luba-Kasai

• Ilunga Sungu

Luganda

• Muteesa I

Lunda

• Kasanje Kalunga
• Mwaant Yaav

Lushootseed

• Seattle

Luxembourgish

• Ermesinde

Maasai

• Mbatian

Madinke

• Mansa Musa

Malagasy

• Andrianampoinimerina

Malay

• Bolkiah
• Lee Kuan Yew
• Parameswara

Mandarin Chinese

• Sun Yat-Sen

Maltese

• Jean Parisot de la Vallette

Manchu

• Nurhaci

Mandan

• Mato-Tope

Manx

• Illiam Dhone

Maori

• Hono Heke

Mapudungun

• Lautaro

Massachusett

• Massasoit

Miami-Illinois

• Little Turtle
• Tuskaloosa

Michif

• Louis Riel

Mi'kmaq

• Henri Membertou

Mixe-Zoque

• Po Ngbe

Mixtec

• Eight Deer

Mochica

• Tacaynamo

Mohawk

• Hiawatha

Mongolian

• Genghis Khan

Mossi

• Yennenga

Muscogee

• Osceola
• Red Eagle

Nabataean Aramaic

• Aretas III

Nahuatl

• Montezuma
• Xochitl

Navajo

• Narbona

Nenet

• Vavlyo Neniang

Nepali

• Prithvi Narayan

Nez Perce

• Chief Joseph

Northern Paiute

• Wovoka

Nubian

• Piye

Numidian

• Massinissa

Nuuchanulth

• Maquinna

Nyungar

• Yagan

Occitan

• Tomyris

Ojibwe

• Pontiac

Old East Slavic

• Yaroslav

Old Norse

• Haakon IV
• Trondur I Gotu

Old Prussian

• Frederick I

Old Turkic

• Bumin Qaghan

Palmyrene Aramaic

• Zenobia

Parthian

• Mithridates

Pashto

• Ahmad Abdali

Pawnee

• Petelesharo

Pecheneg

• Kurya

Persian

• Akbar
• Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
• Timur
• Xerxes

Phoenician

• Dido
• Hiram

Polish

• Jadwiga

Portuguese

• Agostinho Neto
• Joao II
• Pedro II

Powhatan

• Powhatan

Punic

• Hannibal

Puquina

• Huyustus

Q'eqchi' Mayan

• Lady Six Sky

Quechua

• Huayna Capac
• Pachacuti

Rapa Nui

• Hotu Matua

Romanian

• Vlad III

Russian

• Catherine

Ryukyuan

• Sho Hashi

Sami

• Svase

Samoan

• Salamasina

Sauk

• Black Hawk

Scottish Gaelic

• Robert the Bruce

Serbian

• Stefan Dusan

Shawnee

• Tecumseh

Shona

• Nyatsimba Mutota

Shoshone

• Sacagawea

Sindhi

• Benazir Bhutto

Sinhalese

• Parakramabahu

Sioux

• Sitting Bull

Sogdian

• Gurak

Somali

• Mohammed Hassan

Spanish

• Augusto Sandino
• Benito Juarez
• Bernardo O'Higgins

• Eva Peron

• Francisco de Miranda

• Francisco Solano Lopez
• Isabella
• Jose Batlle y Ordonez
• Jose Marti
• Juan Rafael Mora
• Manuel Amador Guerrero
• Manuel Isidoro Belzu
• Marco Aurelio Soto
• Ramon Castilla
• Simon Bolivar

Sumerian

• Gilgamesh

Swahili

• Barghash
• Jomo Kenyatta
• Julius Nyerere

Swedish

• Gustavus Adolphus

Tahitian

• Purea

Taino

• Anacaona

Tamil

• Rajendra Chola

Tangut

• Weiming Yuanhao

Tarascan

• Tariacuri

Tatar

• Kuchum Khan
• Togay Bey

Tedaga

• Idris Alooma

Tewa

• Po'pay

Thai

• Taksin

Thracian

• Sitalces

Tibetan

• Gesar
• Songtsen Gampo

Tlingit

• Sheiyksh I

Tongan

• Aho'eitu

Tuareg

• Tin Hinan

Tupi

• Cunhambebe

Turkish

• Mehmed II

Twi

• Osei Tutu

Urartian

• Argishti

Urdu

• Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Uyghur

• Bayanchur Khan

Uzbek

• Shaybani Khan

Vandalic

• Genseric

Vietnamese

• Le Loi

Visayan

• Lapu-Lapu

Welsh

• Boudicca
• Owain Glyndwyr

Wiradjuri

• Windradyne

Wolof

• Ndiadiane Ndiaye

Woiwurrung

• William Barak

Wyandot

• Kondiaronk

Xhosa

• Nelson Mandela

Xiongnu

• Modu Chanyu

Yakut

• Tygyn Darkhan

Yolŋu

• Wonggu

Yoruba

• Awolowo
• Oranyan

Yucatan Mayan

• Pacal

Zapotec

• Cosijoeza

Zarma

• Askia

Zulu

• Shaka

Technology

Ancient

Pottery

Animal Husbandry

Mining

Sailing

Astrology

Irrigation - requires Pottery

Writing - requires Pottery

Archery - requires Animal Husbandry

Trapping - requires Animal Husbandry

Calendar - requires Irrigation

Masonry - Requires Mining

Bronze Working - Requires Mining

Wheel - Requires Mining

Classical

Celestial Navigation - Requires Sailing, Astrology, and Calendar

Currency - Requires Writing

Horseback Riding - Requires Animal Husbandry

Iron Working - Requires Bronze Working

Ship Building - Requires Sailing and Celestial Navigation

Optics - Requires Sailing and Celestial Navigation

Mathematics - Requires Calendar and Currency

Construction - Requires Horseback Riding and Masonry

Engineering - Requires Wheel

Medieval

Compass - Requires Optics

Military Tactics - Require Mathematics

Apprenticeship - Requires Currency and Horseback Riding

Stirrups - Require Horseback Riding

Machinery - Requires Engineering

Education - Requires Mathematics and Currency

Military Engineering - Requires Construction

Castles - Requires Construction

Guilds - Requires Education, Apprenticeship, and Stirrups

Physics - Require Machinery

Renaissance

Cartography - Requires Shipbuilding

Mass Production - Requires Ship Building and Education

Banking - Requires Guilds

Gunpowder - Requires Apprenticeship, Stirrups and Military Engineering

Printing - Requires Physics

Square Rigging - Requires Mass Production

Astronomy - Requires Education

Metal Casting - Requires Gunpowder

Siege Tactics - Requires Castles

Metallurgy - Requires Metal Casting and Siege Tactics

Industrial

Industrialization - Requires Mass Production

Scientific Theory - Requires Astronomy

Ballistics - Requires Metal Casting

Military Science - Requires Siege Tactics and Printing

Steam Power - Requires Square Rigging and Industrialization

Biology - Requires Industrialization and Scientific Theory

Sanitation - Requires Scientific Theory

Economics - Requires Scientific Theory and Banking

Rifling - Requires Ballistics and Military Science

Fertilizer - Requires Biology

Film - Requires Economics and Industrialization

Modern

Flight - Requires Industrialization and Scientific Theory

Replaceable Parts - Requires Economics

Steel - Requires Ballistics

Railroad - Requires Rifling

Electricity - Requires Steam Power

Radio - Requires Steam Power and Flight

Chemistry - Requires Sanitation

Refrigeration - Requires Sanitation and Replaceable Parts

Combustion - Requires Rifling

Atomic

Advanced Flight - Requires Radio

Rocketry - Requires Chemistry and Radio

Penicillin - Requires Chemistry and Refrigeration

Advanced Ballistics - Requires Replaceable Parts

Combined Arms - Requires Steel and Combustion

Plastics - Requires Combustion

Computers - Requires Electricity

Nuclear Fission - Requires Advanced Ballistics and Combined Arms

Synthetic Materials - Requires Plastic

Information

Telecommunications - Requires Computers

Satellites - Requires Advanced Flight and Rocketry

Guidance Systems - Requires Rocketry and Advanced Ballistics

Lasers - Requires Nuclear Fission

Composites - Requires Synthetic Materials

Stealth Technology - Requires Synthetic Materials

Ecology - Requires Synthetic Materials

Servers - Requires Telecommunications

Robotics - Requires Computers

Nuclear Fusion - Requires Lasers

Nanotechnology - Requires Composites

Future Tech - Requires Servers, Robotics, Nuclear Fusion and Nanotechnology

Civics

Ancient

Code of Laws

Teachings - Require Code of Laws

Internal Tradings - Require Code of Laws

Craftmanship - Requires Teachings

Proto Empires - Requires Internal Tradings

Foreign Tradings - Requires Internal Tradings

Military Tradition - Requires Craftmanship

Supply & Demand - Requires Craftmanship

State Workforce - Requires Craftmanship

Early Empire - Requires Proto Empires

Mysticism - Requires Foreign Trading

Dynamic Trading - Requires Foreign Trading

Classical

Stockpiles - Requires Supply & Demand

Games & Recreation - Requires State Workforce

Political Philosophy - Requires State Workforce and Early Empire

Classes of Society - Requires Early Empire

Drama & Poetry - Requires Early Empire

Military Training - Requires Military Tradition and Stockpiles

Advanced Scouting - Requires Military Tradition and Stockpiles

Defensive Tactics - Requires Military Tradition, Games & Recreation and Political Philosophy

Recorded History - Requires Political Philosophy and Drama & Poetry

Visual Arts - Requires Political Philosophy and Drama & Poetry

Music - Requires Drama & Poetry

Theology - Requires Mysticism

Medieval

Outposts - Requires Military Training and Advanced Scouting

Defense Forces - Requires Military Training and Advanced Scouting

Naval Tradition - Requires Advanced Scouting and Defense Tactics

Feudalism - Requires Advanced Tactics

Civil Service - Requires Defense Tactics and Recorded History

Dynamic Religion - Requires Theology

Mercenaries - Require Military Training

Advanced Military Training - Requires Outposts and Defense Forces

Medieval Faires - Requires Feudalism

Guilds - Requires Feudalism and Civil Service

Divine Right - Requires Dynamic Religion

Fairytales - Requires Medieval Faires and Guilds

Art Guilds - Requires Guilds, Visual Arts and Music

Renaissance

Exploration - Requires Mercenaries

Humanism - Requires Medieval Faires

Diplomatic Services - Requires Guilds

Reformed Church - Requires Art Guilds and Divine Right

Dynamic Combat - Requires Advanced Military Training

Mercantilism - Requires Humanism

The Enlightenment - Requires Humanism and Diplomatic Service

Research Agreements - Requires Humanism and Diplomatic Services

Continental Exploration - Requires Exploration

Military Agreements - Requires The Enlightenment and Research Agreements

Civil Agreements - Requires Research Agreements and Reformed Church

Industrial

Colonialism - Requires Continental Exploration and Mercantilism

Civil Engineering - Requires Mercantilism

Nationalism - Requires Military Agreements

Opera & Ballet - Requires The Enlightenment and Civil Agreements

Natural History - Requires Colonialism

Independence - Requires Colonialism

Urbanization - Requires Civil Engineering and Nationalism

Advanced Combat - Requires Civil Engineering and Nationalism

Scorched Earth - Requires Nationalism

Symphonics - Requires Opera & Ballet

Modern

Conservation - Requires Natural History

Museum Catalogues - Requires Natural History

Conservatism - Requires Independence

Suburbia - Requires Urbanization

Mobilization - Requires Advanced Combat

Artistic Flux - Requires Symphonics

Mass Media - Requires Suburbia

Modern Warfare - Requires Advanced Combat and Mobilization

Capitalism - Requires Conservatism and Mass Media

Ideology - Requires Mass Media

Art of War - Requires Modern Warfare and Artistic Flux

Endangered Species - Requires Conservation

Archaeology - Requires Museum Catalogues

Nuclear Program - Requires Ideology

Suffrage - Requires Ideology

Totalitarianism - Requires Ideology

Class Struggle - Requires Ideology

Atomic

Cultural Heritage - Requires Endangered Species and Archaeology

Cold War - Requires Nuclear Program

Professional Sports - Requires Nuclear Program

Anticipated Rebellion - Requires Class Struggle

Rapid Development - Requires Cold War

Space Race - Requires Cold War

Information

United Nations - Requires Rapid Development and Space Race

Social Media - Requires Space Race and Professional Sports

Religions

Amanaiism

Amatongo

Angakkunngurniq

Anito

Anktatt-u (Harappa)

Ashurism

Atanodjuwaja Cult

Atenism

Ayni

Baha'i

Bird Figure Cult (Vinca)

Buddhism

Bumuntu

Canaanism

Catholicism

Chaldaenism (Mesopotamia)

Chiminigagua

Confucianism

Datura Cult

Dodekatheon

Dreamtime

Druidism

Druze

Eastern Orthodoxy

Forn Sidr

Fox and Owl Cult (Poverty Point)

Hero Cult

Hinduism

Imperial Cult (Rome)

Intiism

Islam

Itan

Itang (Micronesia)

Jainism

Judaism

Kachina

Laiboni

Li’im Dingermes (Hittite)

Mahoma

Malagan

Mandaeism

Manichaeism

Mi-Chos

Midewiwin

Mohism

Muisim

Mushrikun

Mwari Cult

Mysteries (Greece)

Napir-tuniis (Elam)

Neoplatonism

Noaidevuohta

Nommo

N'um

Numenism

Nzambiism (Kongo)

Odinani

Onyamesom

Orenda

Oriental Orthodoxy

Pajelanca

Pesedjet

Pohakantenna (Shoshone)

Protestantism

Puata Tupuna (East Polynesia)

Razana

Rodnovery

Romuva

Sairimaism (Scythia)

Samanism

Santeria

Satsana Phi

Sgaanaang (Haida)

Shenism

Shinto

Sikhism

Southern Cult (Mississippian natives)

Suomenusko

Tala-e-Fonua

Tangata Manu

Taoism

Tât Roog (Serer)

Temaukelism (Selk'nam)

Tengriism

Tlateomatiliztli

Tzol'kin

Voodoo

Wakan Tanka

Witran Mapu

Yazdanism

Zemiism

Zoroastrianism

Governments

Chiefdom (Chieftain/Chieftess)

Autocracy (The Terrible)

Classical Republic (Consul)

Oligarchy (Oligarch)

Military Rule (Warrior King/Warrior Queen)

Holy Rule (Holy Emperor/Holy Empress)

Monarchy (King/Queen)

Theocracy (God King/God Queen)

Merchant Republic (Doge/Dogaressa)

Meritocracy (The Great)

Timocracy (Heir/Heiress)

Corporatocracy (Chairman/Chairwoman)

Demarchy (Elected Leader)

Democracy (President/Presidentress)

Communism (the Dictator/Dictatress)

Fascism (Supreme Leader)

Crimes

Abduction - Tourism

Corruption - Gold

Drug Abuse - Health

Fraud - Science

Heresy - Faith (Optional)

Sabotage - Defense

Theft - Production

Treason - Happiness

Vandalism - Culture

Violence - Food

Terrain

Coast

Desert

Grassland

Lake

Ocean

Plains

Snow

Tundra

Features

Atoll

Cataracts

Caves

Cliffs

Floodplains

Hills

Ice

Marsh

Mountains

Oasis

Rainforest

Reef

River

Woods

Wonders

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Abu Simbel

Almendres Cromlech

Apadana

Bananue Rice Terraces

Chogha Zanbil

Delos

El Tajín

Gobekli Tepe

Hanging Gardens

Karnak

Malwiya Minaret

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

Mesa Verde

Nazca Lines

Oracle

Pyramids

Sanchi Stupa

Statue of Zeus

Stonehenge

Stoplesteinan

Temple of Artemis

Classical (332 BC - 476)

Balkerne Gate

Basilica Argentaria

Buddhas of Bamiyan

Colosseum

Colossus

Dun Carloway

Geghard Monastery

Great Library

Great Lighthouse

Great Wall

Jebel Barkal

Mada’in Saleh

Mahabodhi Temple

Maison Carree

Obelisk of Axum

Pantheon

Parthenon

Petra

Porta Nigra

Sigiriya

Terracotta Army

Verona Arena

Western Wall

Xunantunich

Yellow Crane Tower

Medieval (476 - 1300)

Alhambra

Angkor Wat

Beihai Park

Borgund Stave Church

Borobudur

Buda Castle

Cairo Citadel

Chartres Cathedral

Cheomseongdae

Chichen Itza

Churches of Lalibela

Cologne Cathedral

Dajti Castle

Dome of the Rock

Fushimi Inari Shrine

Gate of the Sun

Gigante de Atacama

Great Mosque of Aleppo

Great Mosque of Djenne

Gulou

Hagia Sofia

Horyu Ji

House of Wisdom

Itsukishima Shrine

Jiayuguan Fort

Kandariya Mahadeva Temple

Kilwa Kisiwani

Kotoku-In

Leshan Giant Buddha

Monk’s (Cahokia) Mound

Mont St Michael

Mosque of Uqba

My Son

Nan Madol

Notre Dame

Pavilion of Prince Teng

Po Nagar

Qasr Amra

Rila Monastery

Santa Maria Del Fiore

Shwedagon Paya

St Mark’s Basilica

Stone Town

Taputapuatea Marae

Teotihuacan

Todai-Ji

Torre del Oro

Venetian Arsenal

Venetian Grand Canal

Vienna Stephansdom

Wartburg

Westminster Abbey

Xuakong Si

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Agra Fort

Aït Benhaddou

Amer Fort

Amphawa Floating Market

Blarney Castle

Bredon Barn

Buda Castle

Ca' d'Oro

Casa de Contratacion

Castillo de San Pedro de la Roca

Castle of Good Hope

Changdeokgung

Cusco Cathedral

Fasil Ghebbi

Forbidden Palace

Globe Theatre

The Golden Pavilion

Great Zimbabwe

Gripsholm Castle

Gyeongbokgung

Haji Ali Dargah

Harmandir Sahib

Himeji Castle

Huey Teocalli

Ibadat Khana (House of Worship)

Kinderdijk Windmills

Kremlin

Kronborg

Leaning Tower of Pisa

Macchu Picchu

Muiden Castle

Paro Taktsang

Porcelain Tower

Potala Palace

Red Fort

Santa Maria Delle Grazie

Shah Mosque

Sistine Chapel

Stari Most

St Basil’s Cathedral

Steiner Tor

St Peter’s Basilica

Taj Mahal

Temple of Heaven

Topkapi Palace

Uffizi

Versailles

Wat Arun

Wat Pho

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Avenue Habib Bourguiba

Bell Rock Lighthouse

Big Ben

Bolshoi Theatre

Brandenburg Gate

Broadway

Brooklyn Bridge

Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus

Citadelle Laferrière

Darjeeling Himalayan Railway

Dolmabace Palace

Eiffel Tower

El Escorial

Ellis Island

Hawa Mahal

Hermitage

Hollywood

Khaosan Road

La Maestranza

Louvre

Martyrs’ Square

Neuschwanstein

Oxford University

Pena National Palace

Puʻukoholā Heiau

Rose Hall

Ruhr Valley

Sagrada Familia

Smithsonian Institution

Statue of Liberty

Te Tii Marae

Trafalgar Square

Washington Monument

Wat Phra Kaew

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Cristo Redentor

Democracy Monument

Empire State Building

Gold Museum

Mermaid Statue

Mt Rushmore

Palacio de Bellas Artes

Panama Canal

Pentagon

Prora

Rockefeller Center

Tahrir Square

White Sands Missile Range

Zuiderzee Works

Atomic (1950 - 2000)

Amundsen Scott Research Station

Arecibo Observatory

CN Tower

Estadio do Maracana

Ghanese Independence Arch

Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum

Hubble Space Telescope

Itaipu Dam

Oriental Pearl Tower

Pan American Highway

Pearl Monument

Petronas Twin Tower

Sky Tower

Sydney Opera House

The Motherland Calls

Information (2000 - Future)

Abraj al Bait Towers

Burj Khalifa

Diamond Tower

Escadaria Selaron

Khan Shatyr

London Eye

Marina Bay Sands

Martin Luther King Memorial

Millau Viaduct

Palm Jumeirah

Shanghai World Financial Center

Taipei 101

Three Gorges Dam

Tokyo Sky Tree

International

International Space Station

Olympics

United Nations

World Fair

Natural Wonders

Aconcagua

Amazon

Ambrym

Angel Falls

Aral Sea

Aurora Borealis

Barringer Crater

Benbulbin

Blue Caves of Zakynthos

Cerro de Potosi

Cliffs of Dover

Crater Lake

Cueva de Los Cristales

Dead Sea

Delicate Arch

Devil’s Tower

El Dorado

Everglades

Eye of the Sahara

Eyjafjallajokull

Fountain of Youth

Galapagos Islands

Geirangerfjord

Giants Causeway

Grand Canyon

Grand Mesa

Great Barrier Reef

Great Blue Hole

Great Salt Lake

Guilin Mountains

Ha long Bay

Hranice Abyss

Iguacu Falls

Isle of Skye

Jeju Island

Kīlauea

King Solomon’s Mines

Ko Samui

Krakatoa

Lagoon of the Seven Cities

Lake Baikal

Lake Balaton

Lake Malawi

Lake Manasarovar

Lake Okeechobee

Lake Retba

Lake Tahoe

Lake Titicaca

Lake Victoria

Lake Winnipeg

Lambert Glacier

Lauterbrunnen Valley

Lençóis Maranhenses

Lysefjord

Macocha Gorge

Mammoth Cave

Mariana Trench

Matterhorn

Mississippi River

Moon Hill

Mt Erebus

Mt Everest

Mt Fuji

Mt Kailash

Mt Kilimanjaro

Mt Rainier

Mt Roraima

Mt Ruapehu

Mt Sinai

Ngorongoro Crater

Niagara Falls

Niger Delta

Nile River

Nyiragongo

Okavango Delta

Old Faithful

Olduvai Gorge

Pando

Pantanal

Paricutin

Pico da Neblina

Piopiotahi

Plitvice Lakes

Rainbow Mountain (Peru)

Rock of Gibraltar

Rub’ Al Khali

Salar de Uyuni

Salton Sea

Serengeti

Socotra Island

Sri Pada

Stawamus Chief

Sugarloaf Mountain

Surtsey

Table Mountain

Todgha Gorge

Torres Del Paine

Tsingy de Bemaraha

Ubsunur Hollow

Uluru

Underwater Waterfall (Mauritius)

Wadden Sea

White Desert (Egypt)

Yosemite

Zhangjiaje

Zhangye Danxia

Natural Disasters

Volcanic Eruptions

The 3 tiles around the volcano produce 1 food more than regular grass tiles. Indeed, volcanic lands are known for their fertility. However, the Volcano may erupt, causing wreck around those tiles and a loss of population.  However, as you advance through times, shelters may be built, reducing the lost population, build anti-ashes structures, to reduce damage, and in the modern era, build a national volcanic research center to be freed from any danger.

Earthquakes

Of course, earthquakes may occur any time, any where. When it would happen, there could be earthquakes of magnitude 3, 5, 7 or 9. The magnitude indicated the diameter of the number of tiles touched by the earthquake. In a magnitude 7 earthquake, the tile 4, which is the center, would the most casualities, with the damages being reduced as we get further from the center of the quake. 

However, you may build seismic structures to prevent damages, , and the more times passes, the more resistant structures you can build. In the modern era, you can build the national seismic research center to prevent any damage from earthquakes (it also applies to tsunamis).

Cyclones/Tempest/Tornadoes

Tornadoes and Cyclones follow a rather random way and may may appear anywhere, wrecking havoc your population and buildings.

Again, you can prevent it, by simply building shelters, anticyclonic structures, Firemen, and the meteorogical research center to be totally protected from it.

Tsunamis

Tsunamis only 2 tiles far on the coast, destroying everything in their passage.

As you guessed it, shelters, anti-tsunami structures are your friends to prevent damage from the big waves. However, tsunamis being caused by earthquakes under water, the national seimic researh center protects also from tsunamis.

Floods and Droughs

Sometimes, weather is not on your side. Floods and droughts reduce the food production and production of the affected tiles.

However, you can prevent these by sending caravans with food to you affected cites, and the meteorogical research center (the same as for cylones and tornadoes) may protect from any further problem.

Epidemics

Epidemics happen, one the worst being the black plague. Your buildings and districts do not suffer, but your units and population do, losing everyturn some HP and population. Also, if healthy unit enters an infected area or is attacked by an infected unit, it can become infected. If the player plays the game right, he could make the epidemic into a pandemic.

Thankfully, there are way to reduce the epidemics. Building sewers, medical camps and hospitals. Reaching a certain technology, like penicillin or vaccines, may end the epidemics crisis and protect your people from further problems.

Resources

Bonus

Apple

Bamboo

Bananas

Barley

Beans

Berry

Breadfruit

Buffalo

Cabbage

Camel

Carambola

Cassava

Chicken

Clay

Coconut

Copper

Cattle

Crabs

Deer

Duck

Durian

Fish

Guinea Pig

Hemp

Jackfruit

Jambu

Kelp

Kiwifruit

Llama

Maize

Mango

Mangosteen

Melon

Millet

Nuts

Papaya

Peanut (It is actually a drupe)

Peat

Pineapple

Pitaya

Potato

Rambotan

Reindeer

Rice

Sapodilla

Sesame

Sheep

Shellfish

Sorghum

Squash

Stone

Teak

Timber

Tomato

Turkey

Yaks

Wheat

Strategic

Aluminum

Chicle

Chromium

Coal

Horses

Iron

Manganese

Niter

Oil

Pitch

Rare Earth Elements

Resin

Rubber

Tin

Turpentine

Uranium

Luxury

Agave

Alebrije

Alpaca

Amber

Capers

Car

Cephalopod

Cedar

Cinnamon

Citrus

Cloth

Cloves

Coca

Cochineal

Cocoa

Coffee

Cosmetics

Cotton

Cowrie Shells

Dates

Dentalia

Desert Glass

Diamonds

Dyes

Emerald

Feathers

Fossils

Furs

Gold

Gypsum

Honey

Incense

Ivory

Jade

Jeans

Kola Nuts

Lapis Lazuli

Linen

Macadamia

Mahogany

Mammoth

Marble

Mercury

Narwhals

Nutmeg

Obsidian

Olives

Otters

Pearls

Perfume

Personal Electronics

Pineapple

Poppy

Porcelain

Pottery

Quetzal

Rose

Ruby

Saffron

Salt

Sapphire

Seals

Seashells

Silk

Silver

Spices

Sturgeon

Sugar

Sugar Maple

Tea

Tobacco

Toys

Truffles

Tulips

Turqoise

Turtle

Tyrian Purple

Vanilla

Video Game Consoles

Whale

Wine

Great People

Great Generals

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Epaminondas

Leonidas

Lysander

Sun Tzu (Art of War)

Classical (332 BC - 476 AD)

Arminius

Cao Cao

Chandragupta Maurya

Gaius Marius

Guan Yu

Hamilcar Barca

Liu Bei

Pompey

Pyrrhus

Scipio Africanus

Sima Yi

Spartacus

Sun Quan

Trung Sisters

Vercingetorix

Zhang Fei

Zhou Yu

Zhuge Liang

Medieval (476 AD - 1300)

Aethelflaed

Belisarius

Batu Khan

Charles Martel

El Cid

Gim Yu-Sin

Hulagu Khan

Jebe

Khalid ibn al-Walid

Kublai Khan

Minamoto no Yoshitsune

Mongke Khan

Muqali

Ogedei Khan

Subutai

Tran Hung Dao

William the Conqueror

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Ahuitzotl

Akbar

Albrecht von Wallenstein

Alexander Suvorov

Binnya Dala

Dmitry Donskoy

Eugene of Savoy

Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne

Hernan Cortez

Honda Todakatsu

Francisco Pizarro

Ivan the Terrible

Jan Zizka

Johann Tserclaes

John Churchill

John Hunyadi

John of Bohemia

Maha Thiha Thura

Maurice de Saxe

Maurice of Nassau

Naresuan

Nguyen Hoang

Oda Nobunaga

Oliver Cromwell

Sanada Yukimura

Shimazu Yoshihiro

Takeda Shingen

Tokugawa Ieyasu

Uesugi Kenshin

Zumbi

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Bodindecha

George Henry Thomas

George Washington

Gerd von Rundstedt

Heinz Guderian

John Monash

John Radetzky von Radetz

Le Van Duyet

Maha Bandula

Maha Sura Singhanat

Maria Quiteria

Napoleon Bonaparte

Nguyen Hue

Phraya Phichai

Rani Lakshmibai

Robert E Lee

Samori Toure

Tiradentes

Winfield Scott

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Bernard Montgomery

Douglas Macarthur

Erich von Manstein

Erwin Rommel

George Patton

Hermann Hoth

Ivan Chernyakhovsky

Marina Raskova

Pietro Badoglio

Sudirman

Tomoyoki Yamashita

Walter Model

Atomic (1950 - 2000)

Ahmad Shah Massoud

Dwight D Eisenhower

George Zhukov

Vijaya Wimalaratne

Vo Nguyen Giap

William Slim

Great Admirals

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Artemisia

Hanno

Himilco

Phormio

Pytheas

Themistocles

Classical (332 BC - 476 AD)

Gaius Duilius

Marcus Atilius Regulus

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa

Medieval (476 AD - 1300)

Calonymus of Alexandria

Erik the Red

John Doukas

Leif Erikson

Roger of Lauria

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Afonso de Albuquerque

Alvaro de Bazan

Andrea Doria

Blackbeard

Calico Jack

Christopher Columbus

Comte de Grasse

Don John of Austria

Ferdinand Magellan

Francis Drake

Hayreddin Barbarossa

Henry Morgan

Henry the Navigator

Jacques Cartier

Michel de Ruyter

Murat Reis

Pedro Alvarez Cabral

Peter Wessel Tordenskjold

Samuel Pepys (Diary of Samuel Pepys)

Shi Lang

Turgut Reis

Vasco da Gama

Yin Sun-Sin

Zheng He

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Alfred von Tirpitz

Chester Nimitz

Ching Shih

David Farragut

Fernardo Villaamil

Francisco Manuel Barroso

Franz von Hipper

Fyodor Ushakov

George Dewey

Horatio Nelson

James Cook

Joaquim Marques Lisboa

John Paul Jones

Laskarina Bouboulina

Matthew Perry

Meriwether Lewis

Oliver Hazard Perry

Togo Heihachiro

William Clark

William S Benson

Zinovy Rozhestvensky

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Andrew Cunningham

Ernest Shackleton

Frank Jack Fletcher

Grace Hopper

Isoroku Yamamoto

Jacques Cousteau

Sergei Gorshkov

William Halsey Jr

Atomic (1950 - 2000)

Clancy Fernando

Thor Heyerdahl

Great Artists

Medieval (476 AD - 1300)

Huang Gongwang (Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains, Stone Cliff at Pond of Heaven, Clearing After Sudden Snow)

Yan Liben (Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy, Xiao Yi Acquiring the "Orchid Pavilion Preface" by Deception, Portraits of Periodical Offering)

Qian Xuan (Dwelling in the Floating Jade Mountains, Yang Guifei Mounting a Horse, Early Autumn)

Wang Ximeng (A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains into three pieces)

Zhang Zeduan (Along the River During the Qingming Festival, split into three sections)

Renaissance (1300-1760)

Adrien Carpentiers (Portrait of Louis-François Roubiliac, Posthumous Portrait of Sir Paul Methuen, Portrait of Sir Francis Dashwood in club dress)

Andrei Rublev (Annunciation, Savior in Glory, Ascension)

Angelica Kauffman (Ana Maria Jenkins and Thomas Jefferson, Portrait of Johann Joachim Winckelmann, Sarah Harrop as a Muse)

Antonello da Messina (Portrait of a Man, St Jerome in his Study, Virgin Annunciate)

Bartholemeus Spranger (Self-portrait, Ecce Homo, Saints Catherine, Ursula, and Margaret set (Saint Ursula)

Bernardo Martorell (Saint George killing the dragon, Altarpiece of the Saints John, The Beheading of St. John the Baptist and Salome Presenting His Head to Herod)

Caravaggio (Medusa, Crucifixion of Saint Peter, David with the Head of Goliath)

Donatello (Saint Mark, Gattamelata, Judith Slaying Holofernes)

El Greco (Adoration of the Magi, The Assumption of the Virgin, View of Toledo)

Frans Post (Braziliaans landschap met het dorp Igaraçú, Brazilian Landscape with a Worker's House, View of Pernambuco, Brazil)

George Gower (Plimpton Sieve Portrait of Queen Elizabeth I, Lettice Knollys, Richard Drake)

Giotto di Bondone (Lamentation, Kiss of Judas, The Ascension of St John the Evangelist)

Giovanni Bellini (Naked Young Woman in Front of the Mirror, Portrait of Doge Leonardo Loredan, The Ecstasy of St. Francis)

Giuseppe Arcimboldo (Vertumnus, The Jurist, The Librarian)

Hans Holbein the Younger (The Ambassadors, Portrait of Sir Thomas More, Henry VIII)

Hieronymous Bosch (The Garden of Earthly Delights, The Last Judgement, The Haywain Triptych)

Jan Van Eyck (Ghent Altarpiece, Portrait of a Man (Self Portrait?) , The Arnolfini Portrait)

Jean Clouet (François I of France, Portrait of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Guillaume Budé)

Jean Fouquet (Charles VII as one of the three magi, Marriage of Charles IV and Marie of Luxembourg, Melun Diptych)

Jean-Honore Fragonard (Landscape with Shepherds and Flock of Sheep, The Swing, The Secret Meeting)

Jiao Bingzhen (Paintings of Ladies - Leaf #2, Landscapes - Leaf #2,)

Johannes Vermeer (View of Delft, The Milkmaid, Girl with a Pearl Earring)

Kamaleddin Behzad (Yusef and Zuleykha, Timur Granting Audience on the Occasion of his Accession, Dancing Dervishes)

Kano Masanobu (Zhou Maoshu Appreciating Lotuses, White Crane, Bamboo and Rocks, Hermits and a Fairy)

Leonardo Da Vinci (Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, The Vitruvian Man)

Michelangelo (Sistine Chapel Ceiling, Pieta, David)

Peter Paul Rubens (The Fall of Phaeton, Rubens and Isabella Brandt, the Honeysuckle Bower, Portrait of Anna of Austria)

Petrus Christus (Portrait of a Carthusian, Portrait of a Young Girl, St. Eligius in His Workshop)

Qiu Ying (Spring Morning in the Han Palace, Fisherman in Reclusion Among the Lotus Stream, Red Cliff)

Paolo Uccello (Funerary Monument (or Equestrian Monument) to Sir John Hawkwood, Saint George and the Dragon, The Battle of San Romano)

Pieter Brughel the Elder (The Blind Leading the Blind, Netherlandish Proverbs, The Hunters in the Snow)

Pieter Brughel the Younger (The Crucifixion, Flemish Proverbs, The Marriage Procession)

Raphael (Portrait of Bindo Altoviti, La velata, Transfiguration)

Rembrandt van Rijn (Andries de Graeff, Agatha Bas, Abraham and Isaac)

Sandro Botticelli (Primavera, Adoration of the Magi, The Birth of Venus)

Sofonisba Anguissola (Three Sisters Playing Chess, Philip II of Spain, A Monk)

Thomas Gainsborough (The Blue Boy, Mrs. Sarah Siddons, Road from Market)

Titian (Assunta, Salome with the Head of John the Baptist, Equestrian Portrait of Charles V)

Willem van de Velde the Younger (Dutch men-o'-war and other shipping in a calm, The Battle of Texel, Calm: Fishing Boats Under Sail)

Yanagawa Shigenobu (Hataori, Geisha Tuning a Samisen, Takenouchi no Sukune and the Tide Jewels

Industrial (1760-1900)

Alphonse-Marie-Adolphe de Neuville (The Last Cartridges, The Defence of Rorke's Drift, Bataille de Champigny)

Amedio Modigliani (Jacques and Berthe Lipchitz, Paul Guillaume – Novo Pilota, Jean Cocteau)

Asher Durand (Kindred Spirits, The Catskills, The Capture of Major Andre)

August Haake (Duck Houses on the Wümme River, Field with sheafs, Summer in Fischerhude)

Boris Orlovsky (Mikhail Kutuzov, Alexander Victory Column, Bust of Tsar Alexander)

Caspar David Friedrich (Wanderer above the Sea of Fog, The Tetschen Altar, or The Cross in the Mountains, Chalk Cliffs on Rügen)

Claude Monet (Water Lillies, Sunrise Impression, Haystack at Giverny)

Edgar Degas (The Bellelli Family, The Ballet Class, L'Absinthe)

Edmonia Lewis (The Death of Cleopatra, Marriage of Hiawatha, Pompeiian Girl)

Edmund Leighton (God Speed, The Accolade, Lady Godiva)

Edouard Manet (A Bar at the Folies-Bergère, The Fifer, Music in the Tuileries)

Eugene Delacroix (Liberty Leading the People, Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi, The Natchez)

Francisco Goya (Charles IV of Spain and His Family, The Second of May 1808, The Third of May 1808)

Francesco Hayez (The Kiss, Crusaders near Jerusalem, Destruction of Temple of Jerusalem)

Frederic Remington (The Smoke Signal, The Bronco Buster, A Dash for the Timber)

George Healy (William Tecumseh Sherman, The Peacemakers, Carol I of Romania)

Georges Seurat (A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, Le Chahut, Parade de cirque)

Gilbert Stuart (The Skater, George Washington, Abigail Adams)

Gustav Caillebotte (Les raboteurs de parquet, Young Man at His Window, Paris Street;Rainy Day)

Gustav Klimt (The Kiss, Avenue of Schloss Kammer Park, Sunflower)

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (At the Moulin Rouge, At the Moulin Rouge, the Dance, Moulin Rouge: La Goulue)

Henri Rousseau (Tiger in a Tropical Storm, The Dream, The Hungry Lion Throws Itself on the Antelope)

Horace Vernet (Scene from the Mexican Expedition in 1838, Siege of Saragossa, The Battle of Valmy)

Francisco de Zurbaran (Still Life with Lemons, Oranges and a Rose, Saint Francis in Meditation, Santa Isabel de Portugal)

Illya Repin (Barge Haulers on the Volga, Religious Procession in Kursk Province, Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of the Ottoman Empire)

Jacques-Louis David (The Death of Socrates, Oath of the Horatii, The Death of Marat)

James Abbott McNeill Whistler (Arrangement in Grey and Black No.1, Symphony in White, No. 1, Mother of Pearl and Silver: The Andalusian)

Jang Seung-eop (Saminmunnyeondo, Rooster, Ssangma Immuldo)

Joszef Borsos (Portrait of Kristóf Hegedűs, Wine, Woman, Love, Girls after the Ball)

Karl Bryullov (The Last Day of Pompeii, Daughters of Pacini, Giovannina and Amazilia, Portrait of Sophia Andreevna Bobrinskaya)

Katsushika Hokusai (The Great Wave off Kanagawa, Lake Suwa in Shinano, Fuji Mountains in Clear Weather)

Lawrence Alma-Tadema (Egyptian Chess Players, The Roses of Heliogabalus, Spring)

Marie-Anne Collot (Portrait of Pierre Etienne Falconet, Portrait of Catherine II, Portrait of Marie Cathcart)

Mary Cassatt (Lydia Leaning on Her Arms, The Child,s Bath, The Cup of Tea)

Martin Johnson Heade (Cattleya Orchid and Three Hummingbirds, Giant Magnolias on a Blue Velvet Cloth, Sunlight and Shadow: The Newbury Marshes)

Paul Cezanne (The Card Players, The Bathers, Pyramid of Skulls)

Paul Delaroche (The Execution of Lady Jane Grey, The Children of Edward, Bonaparte Crossing the Alps)

Paul Gauguin (Spirit of the Dead Watching, Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?, When Will You Marry?)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (La Loge, Bal du moulin de la Galette, Luncheon of the Boating Party)

Raja Ravi Varma (Sri Shanmukha Subramania Swami, Ladies in the moonlight, Galaxy of Musicians)

Samuel Morse (Dying Hercules, Portrait of John Adams, The Gallery of the Louvre)

Sergey Ivanov (The Streltsy, Zemsky Sobor, Daily Life Among the Eastern Slavs)

Tintoretto (The Siege of Asola, The Last Supper, St Mark's Body Brought to Venice)

Utagawa Hiroshige (The Fifty-Three Stations of the Tōkaidō, The Sixty-nine Stations of the Kiso Kaidō, Sudden Shower over Shin-Ōhashi bridge and Atake)

Utagawa Kunoyoshi (Hawk, Tiger, Portrait of Chicasei Goyô)

Utagawa Toyokuni (Matsumoto Koshiro V, Sumo Wrestler Somagahana Fuchiemon, Onoe Eisaburo I)

Viktor Vasnetsov (Moving House, The Flying Carpet, Bogatyrs)

Vincent Van Gogh (Starry Night, Cafe Terrace at Night, The Night Cafe)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (The Birth of Venus, The Bohemian, The Shepherdess)

William Simpson (The Charge of the Light Brigade at Balaklava, Bombardment of Bomarsund, Embarkation of Sick Persons at the Harbor in Balaklava)

Winslow Homer (The Ambassadors, Portrait of Sir Thomas More, Henry VIII)

Modern (1900-1950)

Amrita Sher-gil (Three Girls, Bride's Toilet, Self Portrait)

Grant Wood (American Gothic, The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere, Daughters of Revolution)

Pablo Picasso (Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, Femme au café (Absinthe Drinker), The Old Guitarist)

Great Writers

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Aesop  (The Tortoise and the Hare, The Ant and the Grasshopper)

Aristophanes (Lysistrata, The Wasps)

Homer (Odyssey, Illiad)

Qu Yuan (Chu Ci, Lament for Ying)

Sophocles (Antigone, Oedipus Rex)

Valmiki (Ramayana)

Vyasa (Mahabharata, Yoga Bhashya)

Classical (332 BC - 476)

Bhasa (The Madhyama Vyayoga, Pratima-nataka)

Lucian of Samosata (A True History, The Lover of Lies)

Ovid (Metamorphoses, Heroides)

Virgil (Georgics, Aeneid)

Medieval (476 - 1300)

Dante Alighieri (Divine Comedy, La Vita Nuova)

Kalidasa (Kumārasaṃbhavam, Shakuntala)

Ki no Tsurayuki (Kokin Wakashū, Tosa Nikki)

Li Bai (Drinking Alone by Moonlight, In the Mountains on a Summer Day)

Murasaki Shikibu (The Diary of Lady Murasaki, The Tale of Genji)

Shi Nai'an (Water Margin, Outlaws of the Marsh)

Rumi (Masnavi, Dīvān-e Kabīr)

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Cao Xueqin (Dream of the Red Chamber, Hung Lou Meng)

Chikamatsu Monzaemon (The Battles of Coxinga, The Love Suicides at Amijima)

Edmund Spencer (The Faerie Queene, The Shepheardes Calendar)

Geoffrey Chaucer (The Canterbury Tales, Troilus and Criseyde)

John Locke (An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Two Treatises of Government)

Ludovico Ariosto (Orlando Furioso, I suppositi)

Margaret Cavendish (The Blazing World, Observations upon Experimental Philosophy)

Marie-Catherine d'Aulnoy (Fair Goldilocks, The Dolphin)

Miguel de Cervantes (Don Quixote, Novelas Ejemplares (Exemplary Novels))

Niccolo Machiavelli (Discourses on Livy, The Prince)

Petrarch (Il Canzoniere, De remediis utriusque fortunae)

Thomas Mallory (Le Morte d'Arthur, King Arthur and his knights)

Ueda Akinari (Ugetsu Monogatari, Harusame monogatari)

Voltaire (Candide, Zaire)

Yoshida Kenko (Tsurezuregusa, Essays in Idleness)

William Shakespeare (Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet)

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Alexander Pushkin (Eugene Onegin, Boris Godunov)

Alexandre Dumas (The Count of Monte Cristo, The Three Musketeers)

Anton Chekhov (The Seagull, Uncle Vanya)

Arthur Conan Doyle (A Study in Scarlet, The Sign of the Four)

Beatrix Potter (The Tale of Peter Rabbit, The Tale of Squirrel Nutkin)

Bertrand de Bar-sur-Aube (Girart de Vienne, Aymeri de Narbonne)

Charles Dickens (A Christmas Carol in Prose, Being a Ghost-Story of Christmas, Oliver Twist)

D.H. Lawrence (Lady Chatterley's Lover, Sons and Lovers)

Edgar Allen Poe (The Tell Tale Heart, The Raven)

Emily Dickenson (A Bird Came Down the Walk, Success is Counted Sweetest)

Francois Rabelais (Gargantua, Pantagruel)

Friedrich Schiller (The Robbers, Intrigue and Love)

Fyodor Dostoevsky (Crime and Punishment, The Idiot)

Hans Christian Andersen (The Snow Queen, The Little Mermaid)

Harriet Beecher Stowe (Uncle Tom's Cabin, The Minister's Wooing)

Henry David Thoreau (Walden, Resistance to Civil Government (Civil Disobedience))

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (Paul Revere's Ride, The Song of Hiawatha)

Herman Melville (Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale)

H.G. Wells (The War of the Worlds, The Time Machine)

Jack London (The Call of the Wild, White Fang)

James Fenimore Cooper (The Deerslayer, The Last of the Mohicans: A Narrative of 1757)

James Joyce (Ulysses, Dubliners)

Jane Austen (Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility)

Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe (Faust, The Sorrows of Young Werther)

Jorge Isaacs (María, Poems)

Jose Hernandez (Martín Fierro, Conquered Peoples in America)

Jules Verne (Around the World in Eighty Days, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea)

Leo Tolstoy (War and Peace, Anna Karenina)

Lewis Caroll (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There)

L. Frank Baum (The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Aunt Jane's Nieces at Work)

Maksim Gorky (The Lower Depths, Mother)

Marcel Proust (In Search of Lost Time, Les Plaisirs et les Jours)

Mark Twain (The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)

Mary Shelley (Frankenstein, The Last Man)

Nathaniel Hawthorne (Twice-Told Tales, The Scarlet Letter)

Natsume Soseki (Kokoro, I Am a Cat)

Nikolai Gogol (The Government Inspector, Taras Bulba)

Rabindranath Tagore (The Home and the World, The Gardener)

Ruben Dario (Azul...,España Contemporánea. Crónicas y retratos literarios)

Rudyard Kipling (The Jungle Book, Gunga Din)

Stephen Crane (The Red Badge of Courage, Maggie: A Girl of the Streets)

Victor Hugo (Les Misérables, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame)

Vittorio Alfieri (Panegyric on Trajan, Saul)

Walt Whitman (Leaves of Grass, Franklin Evans)

Washington Irving (Rip Van Winkle, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow)

Modern (1900-1950)

F. Scott Fitzgerald (This Side of Paradise, The Beautiful and the Damned)

H.P. Lovecraft (The Call of Cthulhu, The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath)

Karel Capek (Rossum's Universal Robots (R.U.R), War with the Newts)

Great Musicians

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Antonio Vivaldi (Four Seasons: Winter, La Notte Concerto)

Carlo Gesualdo (Moro Lasso al Mio Duolo, Tenebrae Responsoria)

Gaspar Fernandez (Ensalada de Navidas, Xicochi)

Giovanni Gabrieli (Concerti, Sacrae Symphoniae)

Guillaume Dufay (Missa L’homme Arme, Ave Maris Stella)

Johann Sebastian Bach ("Little" Fugue in G minor, Cello Suite No. 1)

William Byrd (My Ladye Nevells Booke, Mass for Four Voices)

Yatsuhashi Kengyo (Rokudan no Shirabe, Hachidan no Shirabe)

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Antonin Dvorak (New World Symphony, Serenade No. 22)

Antônio Carlos Gomes (Fosca - Mvt. 1 (Abertura), Antônio Carlos Gome)

Clara Schumann (Prelude and Fugue Op 16 No. 3, Toccatina in A minor)

Claude Debussy (Clair de Lune, La Cathédrale engloutie)

Franz Lizst (Hungarian Rhapsody No. 1, The Dance in the Village Inn)

Frederic Chopin (Nocturne in E Flat Major, Grande Valse Brillante, Op. 18)

Gauhar Jaan (Raga Kharnaj Jogiya, Raga Bhairavi)

Johannes Brahms (Wiegenlied (Op. 49), Hungarian Dance No. 1)

Juventino Rosas (Sobre las Olas, Vals Carmen)

Lili’uokalani (Lili'uokalani's Prayer, Sanoe)

Ludwig von Beethoven (Ode to Joy (Symphony #9), Symphony #3 (Eroica Symphony) Mvt. 1)

Mykola Leontovych (Carol of the Bells, Prelude for Choir)

Peter Illyich Tchaikovsky ("1812 Overture" (Music), "Romeo and Juliet Fantasy Overture" (Music))

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Eine kleine Nachtmusik, Symphony 40 Mvt. 1)

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Alban Berg (Lulu, Wozzeck)

Alla Rakha (Ustad Allarakha, Tani Avartanam)

Benjamin Britten (Peter Grimes, War Requiem)

Carlos Chavez (Sinfonia India, Sinfonia de Antagonia)

David Blanasi (Budbal, Birruk)

Duke Ellington (Take the A Train, In a Sentimental Mood)

George Gershwin (Rhapsody in Blue, An American in Paris)

John Cage (4’33, Sonatas and Interludes)

Louis Ballard (Navajo Corn Grinding Song, Katcina Dances)

Liu Tianhua (Liang Xiao, Kong Shan Niao Yu)

Sayed Darwish (El Helwa Di, Salma ya Salama)

Ulvi Cemal Urkin (Three Pieces, Senfoniden Agagio)

Great Merchants

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC

Colaeus

Harkhuf

Classical (332 BC - 476)

Marcus Licinius Crassus

Zhang Qian

Medieval (476 - 1300)

Irene of Athens

Marco Polo

Piero de Bardi

Wang Anshi

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Anthony Van Diemen

Giovanni de Medici

Ibn Battuta

Jakob Fugger

James Lancaster

John Spilsbury

Raja Todar Mal

Richard Whittington

Shah Jahan

Thomas Roe

Thomas Twining

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Adam Smith

Alexander Mackenzie

Andrew Carnegie

Coco Chanel

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Henri Nestle

Jamsetji Tata

John Jacob Astor

John Rockefeller

John Stuart Mill

Levi Strauss

Mary Katherine Goddard

Milton Hershey

Sarah Breedlove

Modern (1900-1950)

Edward Harriman

Estee Lauder

Helena Rubinstein

John Maynard Keynes

Masaru Ibuka

Melitta Benz

Pedro Linares

Atomic (1955 - 2000)

Steve Jobs

Great Engineers

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Imhotep

Classical (332 BC - 476)

Archimedes

Cai Lun

Heron

Zhang Heng

Medieval (476 - 1300)

Bi Sheng

Isidore of Miletus

James of St George

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Benjamin Franklin

Blaise Pascal

Filippo Brunelleschi

Mimar Sinan

Wilhelm Schickard

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Ada Lovelace

Alexander Graham Bell

Antoni Gaudí

Ferdinand de Lesseps

George Eastman

George Washington Goethels

Gottlieb Daimler

Guglielmo Marconi

Gustave Eiffel

Henry Bessemer

Henry Ford

Isambard Kingdom Brunel

James Watt

John Roebling

Joseph Marie Jacquard

Joseph Paxton

Karl Benz

Louis Daguerre

Nain Singh

Nikola Tesla

Nikolaus August Otto

Norbert Rillieux

Orville Wright

Thomas Edison

Wilbur Wright

William Morton

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Alvar Aalto

Charles Stark Draper

Frank Lloyd Wright

Jane Drew

Robert Goddard

Sergei Korolev

Wernher von Braun

Atomic (1950 - 2000)

Charles Correa

Great Scientists

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Aristotle

Merit-Ptah

Nabu-rimanni

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

Plato

Socrates

Xi Ling Shi

Classical (332 BC - 476)

Euclid

Hypatia

Ptolemy

Medieval (476 - 1300)

Abu Al-Qasim Al-Zahrawi

Al-Battani

Alhazen

Al-Khwarizmi

Al-Razi

Aryabhata

Hildegard of Bingen

Omar Khayyam

Shen Kuo

Zu Chongzhi

Renaissance (1300-1760)

Andreas Vesalius

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Carl Linnaeus

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb

Emilie du Chatelet

Francis Bacon

Galileo Galilei

Gottfried Leibniz

Isaac Newton

Johannes Kepler

Leonard Euler

Mikhail Lomonosov

Nicolaus Copernicus

René Descartes

Tycho Brahe

Industrial (1760-1900)

Albert Einstein

Alexander von Humboldt

Alfred Nobel

Alfred Wegner

Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier

Carl Friedrich Gauss

Charles Darwin

Dmitri Mendeleev

Ernest Rutherford

Georges Lemaître

Gregor Mendel

Harvey Washington Wiley

James Clerk Maxwell

James Young

John Dalton

Louis Pasteur

Marie Curie

Michael Faraday

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Alan Turing

Andrei Sakharov

Andrey Kolmogorov

Claude Shannon

Erwin Schrödinger

Janaki Ammal

John von Neumann

Mary Leakey

Niels Bohr

Richard Feynman

Rosalind Franklin

Thomas Edward Lawrence

Werner Heisenberg

Atomic (1950 - 2000)

Abdus Salam

Carl Sagan

Stephanie Kwolek

Great Prophets

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Abraham

Ananda

Confucius

Hermes Trismegistus

Laozi

Mahavira

Mencius

Mo Di

Moses

Pythagoras

Siddhartha Gautama

Zoroaster

Classical (332 BC - 476)

Akiva Ben Joseph

Diviciasus

Irenaeus

Jesus of Nazareth

John The Baptist

Mani

Paul the Apostle

Saint Patrick

Simon Peter

Zhuang Zhou

Medieval (476 - 1300)

Abraham Abulafia

Adi Shankara

Atisha

Augustine of Hippo

Bodhidharma

Francis of Assisi

Haji Huud

Madhva Achary

Maimonides

Muhammad

O No Yasumaro

Thomas Aquinas

Renaissance (1300 - 1760)

Christian Rosenkreuz

Isaac Luria

John Calvin

Marsilio Ficino

Martin Luther

Nostradamus

Tsongkhapa

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Bahá'u'lláh

Brigham Young

Gadadhar Chattopadhyay

Narayana Guru

Tenkswatawa

Great Cinematographers

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Alice Guy (La Fée aux Choux)

Emile Reynaud (Pauvre Pierrot)

Louis Lumière (L'arrivée d'un train en gare de La Ciotat)

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Carl T. Dreyer (The Passion of Joan of Arc)

Charlie Chaplin (The Dictator)

David W Griffith (The Birth of a Nation)

Dziga Vertov (Man with a Movie Camera)

Friedrich W. Murnau (Nosferatu)

Fritz Lang (Metropolis)

George Méliès (A Trip To The Moon)

Harry Houdini (Merveilleux Exploits du Célébre Houdini à Paris)

Henri-Georges Clouzot (Quai des Orfèvres)

Jack Warner (The Jazz Singer)

Michael Curtiz (Casablanca)

Orson Welles (Citizen Kane)

Robert Bresson (Les Dames du Bois de Boulogne)

Serguei Eisenstein (Battleship Potemkin)

Walt Disney (Steamboat Willie)

Atomic (1950 - 2000)

Alberto Isaac (Mujeres Insumisas)

Alfred Hitchcock (The Birds)

Akira Kurosawa (Seven Samurai)

Andrei Tarkovski (The Sacrifice)

Billy Wilder (Some Like It Hot)

David Lean (Lawrence of Arabia)

Dino Risi (I mostri)

Federico Fellini (La dolce Vita)

Glauber Rocha (Black God, White Devil)

Ingmar Bergman (Persona)

Jiri Trnka (A Midsummer Night's Dream)

João César Monteiro (Recollections of the Yellow House)

Joris Ivens (A Tale of the Wind)

Kenji Mizoguchi (The Crucified Lovers)

Krzysztof Kieślowski (The Double Life of Veronique)

Leonid Gaidai (The Diamond Arm)

Leopoldo T. Nilsson (The House of the Angel)

Luis Buñuel (Belle de Jour)

Michelangelo Antonioni (La notte)

Michael Powell (Peeping Tom)

Ousmane Sembène (Ceddo)

Pier Paolo Pasolini (The Hawks and the Sparrows)

Robert Altman (MASH)

Roberto Rossellini (Stromboli)

Satyajit Ray (Charulata)

Sergio Leone (The Good, the Bad and the Ugly)

Stanley Kubrick (2001 : A Space Odyssey)

Theo Angelopoulos (Landscape in the Midst)

Yasujiro Ozu (Tokyo Story)

Yussef Chahine (Destiny)

Information (2000 - Future)

Raul Ruiz (Comedy of Innocence)

Great Spies

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Calippus

Ephialtes

Pebekkamen

Classical (332 BC - 476)

Jing Ke

Qin Wuyang

Rennaisance (1300 - 1760)

Anthony Babington

Balthasar Gerard

Francis Walsingham

Gaspar Graziani

Giacomo Casanova

Guy Fawkes

Hattori Hanzo

Ishikawa Goemon

John Barlow

Leone Alberti

Thomas Knowlton

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Allan Pinkerton

An Jung-Geun

Belle Boyd

Charlotte Corday

Claude Dansey

Fritz Joubert Duquesne

James Lafayette

John Honeyman

Karl Schulmeister

Mata Hari

Nathan Hale

Sidney Reilly

William Melville

William Wickham

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Claus von Stauffenberg

Ethel Rosenberg

John Edgar Hoover

Moe Berg

Suzanne Spaak

William Donovan

Great Athletes

Ancient (4000 BC - 332 BC)

Pheidippides

Theogenes of Thasos

Industrial (1760 - 1900)

Hon'inbō Shūsaku

John Wisden

Lottie Dod

Modern (1900 - 1950)

Babe Didrickson

Babe Ruth

Christy Mathewson

Dizzy Dean

Don Bradman

Duke Kahanamoku

Fanny Durack

Halet Cambel

Honus Wagner

Jack Johnson

Jesse Owens

Jim Thorpe

Joe Louis

Johnny Weismuller

Leon Stukelj

Lionel Rose

Lou Gehrig

Maurice Richard

Max Schmeling

Red Grange

Suzanne Lenglen

Ty Cobbs

Walter Johnson

Walter Lindrum

Atomic (1950 - 2000)

Abebe Bikila

Althea Gibson

Ayrton Senna

Bruce Lee

Emil Zatopek

Gordie Howe

Grete Waitz

Jackie Robinson

Johan Cruyff

Johnny Unitas

Jonah Lomu

Juan Manuel Fangio

Kirby Puckett

Mokhtar Dahari

Muhammad Ali

Stan Musial

Wilt Chamberlain